Partial Knee Replacement (UKR)

What Happens When You Have Arthritis?

 (vid- knee ostoearthritis, cartilage damage)

Arthritis is a condition that involves inflammation of the joints, leading to pain, stiffness, and swelling. It can affect one or more joints and may cause the following symptoms:

• Persistent joint pain
• Swelling and tenderness in the affected area
• Redness and warmth around the joint
• Difficulty in moving the joint
• Limited range of motion in the joint
• Morning stiffness that improves with activity
• Joint deformity over time

What is Partial Knee Replacement Surgery?

Partial knee replacement (PKR) surgery, also known as unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA), involves replacing only the damaged part of the knee joint, rather than the entire knee. This procedure is typically performed in cases of arthritis when the damage is confined to a specific compartment (medial, lateral, or patellofemoral) of the knee. ( vid-new- What is UKR?)

In PKR or UKR the surgeon removes the damaged cartilage and bone from the affected compartment and replaces it with a prosthetic implant made of metal and plastic, allowing for smoother movement and reduced pain.

Does Arthritis Require Surgery?

Not all cases of arthritis require surgical intervention. Treatment options vary depending on the severity of the arthritis and the impact on daily activities. Surgery is typically considered when non-surgical methods such as medications, physical therapy, and lifestyle changes no longer provide adequate relief.

Partial knee replacement surgery may be recommended in the following scenarios: ( Vid new- When is UKR planned ?)

• Moderate to severe knee arthritis in one compartment of the knee
• Conservative treatments (such as medications, physical therapy, and injections) have failed to provide relief
• The knee is causing significant pain or interfering with daily activities
• The individual is in good overall health and has realistic expectations about the surgery and recovery

Symptoms of Knee Arthritis

Common symptoms of knee arthritis may include:

• Persistent pain, especially with activity or after sitting for long periods
• Swelling and tenderness in the knee joint
• Stiffness, especially in the morning or after periods of inactivity
• Limited range of motion and difficulty bending or straightening the knee
• A grinding or popping sensation in the knee
• Knee instability or a feeling that the knee may give way

Does Partial Knee Replacement Lead to Full Knee Replacement?

Partial knee replacement surgery does not directly lead to the need for a total knee replacement (TKR). However, some patients may eventually require TKR if arthritis progresses in other compartments of the knee or if the partial knee replacement wears out over time. PKR has a shorter recovery time and a higher likelihood of preserving natural knee function compared to TKR, but its long-term durability can depend on various factors such as the patient’s age, activity level, and the extent of the arthritis.

Treatment Procedure for Partial Knee Replacement

The treatment for knee arthritis varies based on the individual’s specific condition. Non-surgical treatments may involve:

• Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), pain relievers, and corticosteroid injections to reduce inflammation and pain.
• Physical Therapy: Exercises and stretching to improve joint mobility, strengthen the muscles around the knee, and reduce stiffness.
• Lifestyle Modifications: Weight management, changes in activity levels, and using assistive devices like knee braces or canes to reduce strain on the knee.

If conservative treatments are not sufficient, partial knee replacement surgery may be considered. The procedure involves:

1. Pre-Operative Assessments: The doctor will assess the patient’s health and the extent of knee damage using X-rays or MRI scans.
2. Surgical Procedure: The damaged portion of the knee is removed and replaced with a prosthesis. The surrounding ligaments and tissues are preserved to maintain knee function.
3. Post-Surgery Rehabilitation: After the surgery, physical therapy is necessary to help regain strength and mobility in the knee.

Preparation for Partial Knee Replacement

Before undergoing partial knee replacement surgery, the patient should follow specific steps:

• Medical Evaluation: The doctor will conduct a thorough physical examination and may recommend diagnostic tests such as X-rays, MRI scans, or blood tests.
• Medications: Discuss any current medications, including blood thinners or anti-inflammatory drugs, which may need to be adjusted before surgery.
• Fasting: Patients are usually instructed to fast for 6-8 hours before surgery.
• Pre-Surgery Exercises: Strengthening exercises may be recommended to prepare the muscles around the knee.
• Discuss Post-Op Care: Talk with your doctor about post-surgery care, including rehabilitation and expectations for recovery.

Post-Operative Protocol for Partial Knee Replacement Surgery

After partial knee replacement surgery, the following protocols will help with recovery:

• Pain Management: Pain medication will be prescribed to manage discomfort.
• Physical Therapy: Early physical therapy is crucial to restore range of motion and strength in the knee.
• Use of a Knee Brace: A knee brace may be recommended to stabilize the knee during recovery.
• Crutches or Walker: Patients will use crutches or a walker for a few weeks to avoid putting too much weight on the knee.
• Elevate the Leg: Elevating the leg helps reduce swelling.
• Monitor for Complications: Watch for signs of infection, blood clots, or other complications, and report them immediately.

Risks and Complications Associated with Partial Knee Replacement Surgery

Although partial knee replacement surgery is considered safe and effective, it carries some risks and complications, including:

• Infection
• Blood clots
• Bleeding
• Knee stiffness or reduced range of motion
• Implant failure or loosening
• Nerve or blood vessel injury

Partial Knee Replacement Surgery Cost in India

The cost of partial knee replacement surgery in India typically ranges from INR 1,00,000 to INR 3,50,000. The cost may vary depending on:

• Hospital and Location: Multispecialty private hospitals tend to be more expensive than government or smaller private hospitals.
• Surgeon’s Experience: Highly experienced orthopedic surgeons may charge more for consultation and surgery.
• Type of Prosthesis: The quality and brand of the knee implant used can affect the overall cost. High-quality implants are generally more expensive.
• Pre-Surgery Diagnostics: Costs for tests like X-rays, MRIs, or blood tests are additional.
• Post-Surgery Care: Physiotherapy sessions and follow-up consultations also contribute to the total cost.

Qualities of a Top Partial Knee Replacement Surgeon

To ensure successful surgery and recovery, choosing the right surgeon is essential. The qualities of a top orthopedic surgeon performing partial knee replacement surgery include:

• Board Certification and Specialization: Specialized in knee replacement surgery with expertise in partial knee replacements.
• Experience: A track record of successful partial knee replacements.
• Reputable Hospital: Affiliated with a renowned hospital or clinic known for its orthopedic care.
• Compassionate Care: A doctor who takes time to explain the procedure, listens to patient concerns, and provides support throughout the recovery process.
• Use of Advanced Technology: Expertise in using modern surgical techniques and implants to ensure the best possible outcome.

How to Choose the Best Partial Knee Replacement Surgeon

Choosing the right surgeon is crucial for a successful partial knee replacement. Here are some tips for selecting the best one:

• Seek Referrals: Ask for recommendations from family, friends, and healthcare providers.
• Check Online Reviews: Look for ratings and patient testimonials to evaluate the surgeon’s expertise and success rate.
• Verify Credentials: Ensure the surgeon is board-certified and experienced in performing partial knee replacements.
• Schedule a Consultation: Meet with the surgeon to discuss your condition, treatment options, and recovery expectations.
• Evaluate the Hospital: Choose a hospital or clinic with a reputation for high-quality orthopedic care.
• Consider Insurance Coverage: Check if the surgeon and hospital accept your health insurance plan to minimize out-of-pocket expenses.

By carefully considering these factors, you can make an informed decision and receive the best possible care for your partial knee replacement surgery.